A Review on the Porphyromonas gingivalis pathogens and the participatory function of caspase-1 in atherosclerosis process

Rami Al Batran, Fouad Al-Bayaty

Abstract


Although an association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases has been suggested, the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) in cardiovascular diseases is not clear. Studies in humans support a role for the oral pathogen Pg in the development of inflammatory atherosclerosis. Pg a key pathogen in periodontal disease promotes atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoe -/-) mice. Previous studies have provided indirect evidence that Pg is capable of activating the enzyme caspase-1 in vitro, while others studies carried out to confirm the role of caspase-1 in atherosclerosis in apoe-/- mice. Whitman lab study provides direct evidence that Pg is capable of activating caspase-1, and that Pg is capable of gaining access to and localizing at, sites of lesion development following an oral challenge. Oral infection with Pg exacerbated the development of atherosclerosis in the aortic root of male mice competent for caspase-1 as compared to those deficient in the enzyme.


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